The Imperial Shih Tzu is a delightful and endearing version of the traditional Shih Tzu breed, beloved by many for its small size, playful demeanour, and loyal personality. While the standard Shih Tzu is already known for its charm, the Imperial version has garnered a unique following, largely due to its more diminutive stature and the controversy surrounding its breeding practices. This article will explore what makes the Imperial Shih Tzu so special, from its origins to its care needs, and answer the most frequently asked questions about the breed.
What is an Imperial Shih Tzu?
The Imperial Shih Tzu is essentially a smaller version of the standard Shih Tzu. While the American Kennel Club (AKC) recognizes the standard Shih Tzu, which weighs between 9 to 16 pounds, the Imperial Shih Tzu typically weighs less than 9 pounds, with some individuals weighing as little as 5 pounds. They have a similar appearance to the regular Shih Tzu, boasting a luxurious coat, expressive eyes, and a compact body, but their smaller size sets them apart.
Origins and History of the Imperial Shih Tzu
The Shih Tzu breed originated in China, where it was prized as a companion dog for royalty. The breed’s name, which translates to “Lion Dog,” speaks to its appearance, with a flowing mane-like coat. The Imperial Shih Tzu is a more recent variation, believed to have been developed by selectively breeding the smallest Shih Tzus together.
The breed gained popularity in the United States in the 1960s and 1970s when breeders began focusing on creating a smaller version of the already beloved Shih Tzu. However, because the Imperial Shih Tzu is not a distinct breed, it has not been recognized by major kennel clubs like the AKC or the United Kennel Club (UKC). The term “Imperial” is used informally among breeders and enthusiasts.
Appearance
Like their standard counterparts, Imperial Shih Tzus have a sturdy build despite their small size. They feature a short muzzle, large round eyes, and a characteristic “underbite” that gives them a unique look. Their coat is long, flowing, and comes in a variety of colors, including gold, white, black, brindle, and combinations thereof.
The most notable feature of the Imperial Shih Tzu is its size. While regular Shih Tzus typically weigh around 12 to 16 pounds, the Imperial variety usually weighs between 5 to 9 pounds. Despite their tiny stature, these dogs retain the characteristic proportions and features of the standard Shih Tzu.
Temperament and Personality
Imperial Shih Tzus are known for their loving and affectionate nature. They make excellent companions, particularly for families and individuals looking for a small, easy-to-manage dog. Their personalities are a combination of playfulness, loyalty, and independence, which makes them both engaging and low-maintenance in terms of attention.
They are highly sociable dogs and often get along well with other pets and children, though their small size means they can be prone to injury if not handled gently. Imperial Shih Tzus are also known to be alert and will bark to alert their owners to any unusual sounds or visitors, making them good watchdogs despite their size.
Health Concerns
One of the most significant controversies surrounding the Imperial Shih Tzu is its health. Breeding smaller dogs can sometimes lead to genetic health issues. Some breeders prioritize size over health, leading to potential problems such as respiratory issues, joint problems, and dental issues due to their small jaw size.
Common health concerns for Imperial Shih Tzus include:
Respiratory problems: Their short snouts make them prone to breathing difficulties, especially in hot weather.
Dental issues: Smaller jaws mean crowded teeth, which can lead to dental problems and gum disease.
Luxating patella: This is a common problem in small dogs where the kneecap slips out of place.
Hypoglycemia: Smaller dogs are more prone to low blood sugar levels, particularly as puppies.
Regular vet check-ups, a balanced diet, and proper grooming can help mitigate some of these issues, but potential owners should be aware of the risks involved in owning an Imperial Shih Tzu.
Care and Grooming
Imperial Shih Tzus require regular grooming to keep their luxurious coats in top condition. Their long, flowing hair can become tangled and matted if not brushed regularly, ideally daily. Many owners choose to have their Imperial Shih Tzu’s coat trimmed into a “puppy cut,” which is easier to maintain.
Aside from coat care, their eyes and ears should be cleaned regularly to avoid infections, and their teeth should be brushed daily to prevent dental issues. Regular exercise is important, though they don’t require as much as larger breeds. A couple of short walks per day and some indoor playtime are usually sufficient.
Training
Imperial Shih Tzus are intelligent dogs, but they can be a bit stubborn, which can make training challenging at times. Positive reinforcement techniques work best with this breed. It’s important to start training and socializing them from a young age to ensure they grow into well-behaved adults.
Housebreaking can be particularly difficult with smaller dogs, including the Imperial Shih Tzu. Crate training and consistency are key when it comes to teaching them where to relieve themselves.
FAQs
Is the Imperial Shih Tzu a recognized breed?
No, the Imperial Shih Tzu is not recognized as a distinct breed by major kennel clubs such as the American Kennel Club (AKC) or the United Kennel Club (UKC). It is considered a variation of the standard Shih Tzu, bred specifically for its smaller size.
2. How big does an Imperial Shih Tzu get?
Imperial Shih Tzus typically weigh between 5 to 9 pounds, much smaller than the standard Shih Tzu, which usually weighs between 9 to 16 pounds.
3. Are Imperial Shih Tzus healthy?
While Imperial Shih Tzus can be healthy, their smaller size can make them more prone to certain health issues, such as respiratory problems, dental issues, and joint problems. It’s important to get an Imperial Shih Tzu from a reputable breeder who prioritizes the health of their dogs.
4. How much exercise does an Imperial Shih Tzu need?
Imperial Shih Tzus are relatively low-energy dogs and do not require excessive exercise. A couple of short walks per day and some playtime indoors are usually enough to keep them healthy and happy.
Do Imperial Shih Tzus shed a lot?
Imperial Shih Tzus have long, flowing coats, but they are considered to be low shedders. However, regular grooming is essential to prevent their hair from becoming tangled or matted.
What is the lifespan of an Imperial Shih Tzu?
With proper care, Imperial Shih Tzus can live between 10 to 16 years, similar to standard Shih Tzus. However, smaller dogs can sometimes face health issues that may affect their lifespan.
Are Imperial Shih Tzus good with children?
Yes, Imperial Shih Tzus are generally good with children, but due to their small size, they should be handled gently. It’s important to supervise interactions between small children and Imperial Shih Tzus to prevent accidental injuries.
How much do Imperial Shih Tzus cost?
Imperial Shih Tzus can be more expensive than standard Shih Tzus, primarily because of their smaller size and the demand for them. Prices can range anywhere from $1,000 to $3,000, depending on the breeder and the dog’s lineage.
Do Imperial Shih Tzus get along with other pets?
Yes, Imperial Shih Tzus are typically sociable and can get along well with other pets, especially if they are introduced properly and socialized from a young age.
How often should I groom my Imperial Shih Tzu?
Imperial Shih Tzus should be groomed daily to prevent their coats from becoming tangled or matted. Regular trimming or opting for a shorter “puppy cut” can make grooming easier.
Conclusion
The Imperial Shih Tzu is a delightful companion for those seeking a small, affectionate, and beautiful dog. While they may face some health challenges due to their smaller size, with proper care, they can lead long and healthy lives. Their small stature makes them perfect for apartment living, but they still possess the same lively and friendly personality as their larger Shih Tzu relatives.
If you’re considering adding an Imperial Shih Tzu to your family, be sure to find a responsible breeder who prioritizes health and temperament. With the right care, these tiny companions will bring years of joy and companionship.
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